Association of Sleep Quality, Depression, and Quality of Life with Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Merve Korkmaz Yılmaz11Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to identify independent predictors of poor sleep quality. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 adults with T2DM were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Poor sleep quality was defined as PSQI >5. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were performed after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and BDI score. Results: Fifty-seven patients (57%) had poor sleep quality. Compared with good sleepers, they had higher HbA1c (8.7±1.1% vs. 8.2±0.8%, p=0.03), higher BDI scores (11 vs. 4, p<0.001), and lower scores across all SF-36 domains (all p<0.05). PSQI correlated positively with BDI (?=0.58, p<0.001) and negatively with SF-36 Vitality (?=-0.71, p<0.001). After adjustment, only BDI score independently predicted poor sleep quality (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09–1.31; p<0.001). Conclusion: Poor sleep quality in T2DM was independently associated with depressive symptom severity rather than glycemic control and was accompanied by impaired HRQoL. Screening for depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance may improve comprehensive diabetes care. Keywords: Depression, sleep quality, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cite This Article
Korkmaz Yılmaz M. Association of Sleep Quality, Depression, and Quality of Life with Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. EJMI. 2026; 10(4): 583-589
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