Granulomatous Mastitis: A Single Center Experience from Azerbaijan
Altay Aliyev1, Arturan Ibrahimli1, Tarana Huseynli1, Gunel Rahimova2, Elgun Samadov3, Ceyhun Isayev31Department of Oncology, Liv Bona Dea Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan, 2Department of Radiology, Liv Bona Dea Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan, 3Department of Surgery, Liv Bona Dea Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan
Objectives: Granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign inflammatory disease of the breast commonly seen in women at childbearing age. The aim of this study is to describe clinical and paraclinical characteristics of GM patients, to demon strate the management and follow-up experience of our center, and review the literature on the topic. Methods: 30 GM cases were identified among the 3248 patients who applied to the breast health center of the Liv Bona Dea hospital between January 2018 and August 2023. Cases were identified as granulomatous mastitis histo pathologically from the biopsy specimens. Patient data was evaluated from the database, and missing information was retrieved by calling the patients. Results: Among the 3248 patients who were admitted to our breast health center, 30 patients (0.9%) had a diagnosis of GM and were identified as applicable to our study. All the patients were female, with a median age of 33, ranging from 27 to 66. Of the 30 patients, 11 were overweight and 7 were obese at the time of diagnosis (mean BMI: 26.7). While the majority (n=23, 76%) of the patients presented with a breast lump, only 1 (3%) of the patient’s only symptom was breast lump. 8 (27%) of the cases had comorbidities, including Hashimoto Thyroiditis (n=1), Hypertension (n=6), Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (=1), Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (n=4), Major Depression (n=1). Of the lesions, 16 (53%) showed high suspicion with a Bi-Rads score ? 4, and 14 (47%) showed low suspicion with a Bi-Rads score ? 4. 18 (60%) of pa tients received only medical treatment, 11 (37%) patients received both surgery (excision) and medical treatment, and only 1 (3%) received surgery (excision) alone. Conclusion: Even though idiopathic GM is the most common GM type, results from the paper of Ercan Kokrut et al. sug gest that Tuberculosis should not be skipped, especially in developing countries, with reported 20% as a cause of GM. A multidisciplinary team is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of GM to be able to distinguish it from breast cancer To conclude, Granulomatous mastitis is a tricky condition that can cause high anxiety in physicians as high as in pa tients. Idiopathic GM is the most common type, but evaluation of other reasons, such as tuberculosis mastitis, must be on the checklist. More research regarding the outcome of different treatment modalities will give a straightforward approach for physicians. Keywords: Breast, granulomatous mastitis, mastitis
Cite This Article
Aliyev A, Ibrahimli A, Huseynli T, Rahimova G, Samadov E, Isayev C. Granulomatous Mastitis: A Single Center Experience from Azerbaijan. EJMI. 2024; 8(2): 92-97
Corresponding Author: Altay Aliyev