Current Advances in the Development of Drug and Vaccine for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment
Biniam Moges Eskeziaw1, Temesgen Assefa Gelaw1, Gebiru Senshaw Wondi1, Mesfin Dagne Worku21Department of Biotechnology, Debre Birhan University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia, 2Center of Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tuberculosis remains a deadliest public health problem worldwide due to a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It demands more attention to combat its global impact. However, in addition to treatment with drugs, prevention attempts were done for the last many years through vaccination with Bacillus Calmette- Guerinvaccine (BCG). BCG is the only licensed and commonly used vaccine worldwide especially for protection against severe forms of pediatric TB, but not as a powerful vaccine because of unreliable against adult pulmonary TB which accounts for most of the disease global burden. Overall efforts to safe, efficient and greater immunogenic novel drugs and better vaccine development is must to combat, prevent and treatment of both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive MTB strains for all age groups and among people with HIV. Henceforth, currently there are 10 new or repurposed anti-TB drugs and 15 new Tb vaccines with a degree of diversity in terms of vaccine delivery platforms, ranging from whole cell vaccines to adjuvanted proteins, recombinant and vectored vaccines are developed and undergoes different phase of clinical trials. Overall, this review gives the basic idea of new drug and vaccine development approaches, and their effective role and clinical trial stuts in TB prevention and treatment. Keywords: Antigen, drug, multi-drug resistant TB, mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis vaccine
Cite This Article
Eskeziaw B, Gelaw T, Wondi G, Worku M. Current Advances in the Development of Drug and Vaccine for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment. EJMI. 2021; 5(1): 1-11
Corresponding Author: Biniam Moges Eskeziaw