Serum Soluble Programme Death-1 and Programme Death- Ligand 1 Identify Multiple Myeloma Patients: Serum sPDL-1 May Be a Prognostic Marker
Esra Terzi Demirsoy1, Elif Birtas Atesoglu2, Pinar Tarkun3, Ozgur Mehtap3, Ayfer Geduk3, Abdullah Hacihanifioglu31Department of Hematology, Health Sciences University, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey, 2Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey Department of Hematology, Anadolu Medical Center, Kocaeli, Turkey, 3Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy that still remains incurable. Programmed cell death(PD)-1 and programmed cell death ligand (PDL-1) pathway are immune checkpoint molecules. They play a role in the immune escape of tumor cells. Methods: We measured serum soluble PD-1(sPD-1) and soluble PDL-1 (sPDL1) in 24 newly dignosed patients and 22 healthy controls (HC). Results: We determined significantly increased serum sPDL-1 levels in MM patients when compared to HC. Moreover, sPDL-1 levels correlated positively with a p53 positive mutation status, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, calcium levels and poor performance status. A significant difference is detected between sPDL-1 level and PFS; but not OS. The sPDL-1 cut-off value for predicting survival outcomes was 1.03 ng/mL that was detected median value in MM patients. Patients with high serum sPDL-1 level were associated with a significantly decreased progression free survival (p<0.045). Conclusion: We conclude that sPDL-1 level is a probable prognostic biomarker for a poor outcome in MM patients. PD-1/PDL-1 pathway blockage may be one of the new strategies for MM patients. However, there is still a need for future studies enrolling more patients in order to clarify the prognostic significance of PDL-1. Keywords: Immune checkpoint, multiple myeloma, programmed cell death (pd)-1, programmed cell death ligand (pdl-1), survival outcomes
Cite This Article
Terzi Demirsoy E, Birtas Atesoglu E, Tarkun P, Mehtap O, Geduk A, Hacihanifioglu A. Serum Soluble Programme Death-1 and Programme Death- Ligand 1 Identify Multiple Myeloma Patients: Serum sPDL-1 May Be a Prognostic Marker. EJMI. 2019; 3(1): 23-31
Corresponding Author: Esra Terzi Demirsoy