Microorganisms Causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia And Their Antibiotic Susceptibility
Edhem Unver1, Aytekin Cikman2, Faruk Karakecili3, Alparslan Koc4, Umut Devrim Binay3, Erdal Karavas51Department of Chest Diseases, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey Department of Chest Diseases, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey, 2Department of Medical Microbiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey, 3Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey, 4Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey, 5Department of Radiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the microorganisms causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and investigate their antibiotic susceptibility. Methods: Patients diagnosed with VAP in the adult intensive care units (ICUs) between January 2015 and December 2018 were included in the study. VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) automated microbiology system was used to identify microorganisms and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. Results: Average VAP rates was found 26.51 per 1000 ventilator-days. A single microorganism was isolated in 104 of a total of 105 patients while two microorganisms were isolated in 1 patient. Of the isolated microorganisms, 94.3% (n=100) were Gram-negative bacteria and 5.7% (n=6) were Gram-positive bacteria. When the distribution of all microorganisms is examined in order of frequency, 62.2% were found to be Acinetobacter spp., 17.9% Pseudomonas spp., 6.6% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 4.7% Staphylococcus aureus, 3.7% Serratia marcescens, 2.8% Escherichia coli, 0.9% Enterococcus faecium, and 0.9% Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The most effective antibiotics against Acinetobacter spp. were found to be colistin (96.9%), tigecycline (95%), amikacin (15%) and gentamicin (5%), whereas those the most effective against Pseudomonas spp. were found to be colistin (94.1%), ceftazidime (57.8%), gentamicin (55.5%), ciprofloxacin (50%), amikacin(50%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (42.1%). Conclusion: Acinetobacter spp. was the most common agent in VAP. The fact that Acinetobacter spp., which is resistant to carbapenems, quinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam and cephalosporins, was the most common agent in VAP, can significantly affect the mortality rate of the infection. Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, bacteria, intensive care unit, microorganism, ventilator-associated pneumonia
Cite This Article
Unver E, Cikman A, Karakecili F, Koc A, Binay U, Karavas E. Microorganisms Causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia And Their Antibiotic Susceptibility. EJMI. 2019; 3(3): 227-231
Corresponding Author: Edhem Unver